Liquidity Docs

Trading

Asset classes, order types, smart order routing, settlement, and accreditation

Asset Classes

The ATS supports multi-asset trading across public, private, and digital markets. Assets are organized into three market rails with categories underneath.

Public Markets

CategoryCoverageSource
Stocks10,000+ US equities (NYSE, NASDAQ, AMEX)Multi-broker (16 venues)
Fixed IncomeTreasuries, corporates, munisIBKR
CommoditiesPrecious metals (XAU, XAG, XPT, XPD), energy, agricultureLMAX, IBKR
Forex50+ currency pairs (EUR/USD, GBP/USD, etc.)LMAX, CurrencyCloud

Private Markets

CategoryCoverageSource
PrivatesPrivate equity, venture, private creditInternal ATS matching
Pre-IPOPre-IPO secondary marketInternal ATS matching

Digital Markets

CategoryCoverageSource
Crypto200+ digital assets (BTC, ETH, SOL, LUX, ZOO, etc.)Coinbase, Binance, Kraken, Gemini, BitGo, SFOX, FalconX

Order Types

Market Orders

Execute immediately at the best available price. Used for public equities, crypto, and retail private securities where real-time pricing is available.

{
  "assetId": "AAPL",
  "side": "BUY",
  "orderType": "market",
  "quantity": 10
}

Limit Orders

Execute only at the specified price or better. Support four time-in-force modes:

TIFBehavior
GTC (Good Til Cancelled)Stays open until filled or cancelled
IOC (Immediate or Cancel)Fill immediately; cancel any unfilled portion
FOK (Fill or Kill)Fill entirely or cancel entirely -- no partial fills
DAYExpires at market close if unfilled
{
  "assetId": "AAPL",
  "side": "BUY",
  "orderType": "limit",
  "quantity": 10,
  "limitPrice": 245.00,
  "timeInForce": "GTC"
}

Pre-IPO Orders

Interest-based orders for pre-IPO securities. Non-binding indications of interest that convert to firm orders upon listing.

{
  "assetId": "SPACEX-PRE",
  "side": "BUY",
  "orderType": "market",
  "quantity": 5,
  "isPreIPO": true
}

Pre-IPO orders are subject to the same accreditation gates as standard orders. Lockup periods are defined by the issuer and enforced on the resulting positions.

Smart Order Routing

The Broker layer (liquidityio/broker) provides federated smart order routing across 16 venues. The SOR evaluates:

  • Best execution price across all available venues
  • Liquidity depth at the target price level
  • Venue fees (maker/taker) factored into effective price
  • Latency to each venue
  • Fill probability based on historical fill rates

Registered Providers

ProviderAsset ClassesRole
Multi-Broker SORUS equities, crypto, forexSmart order routing across 16 venues
IBKREquities, fixed income, options, futuresMulti-asset execution
TradierUS equities, optionsEquity execution
CoinbaseCryptoPrimary crypto execution
BinanceCryptoCrypto execution
KrakenCryptoCrypto execution
GeminiCryptoCrypto execution
BitGoCryptoCustody + execution
SFOXCryptoAggregated crypto execution
FalconXCryptoInstitutional crypto execution
FireblocksCryptoCustody + settlement
CircleStablecoinsUSDC settlement
LMAXForex, precious metalsFX + metals execution
CurrencyCloudForexFX payments
PolygonMarket dataReal-time + historical data
FinixPaymentsPayment processing

When no external venue matches (e.g., private securities), orders fall back to the internal CLOB matching engine (liquidityio/cex/pkg/engine).

Settlement

Settlement Timelines

Asset ClassSettlementMethod
US equitiesT+1Clearing broker (NSCC/DTC)
CryptoInstantDirect settlement via provider
Private securitiesInstant (internal)ATS internal ledger
ForexT+2 (standard)CurrencyCloud / LMAX
Fixed incomeT+1IBKR clearing

Instant Buy with Prefunding Pool

The funding engine (liquidityio/broker/pkg/funding) maintains a prefunding pool that enables instant buy execution for retail users:

  1. User initiates a buy order
  2. If the user's KYC tier allows instant settlement, funds are drawn from the prefunding pool
  3. ACH/wire settlement completes asynchronously in the background
  4. The position is credited immediately

KYC-Tiered Limits

KYC TierInstant Buy LimitDaily LimitDescription
Basic (ID only)$1,000$5,000Photo ID verified
Standard (ID + bank)$10,000$50,000ID + Plaid bank verification
Enhanced (full)$100,000$250,000ID + bank + income verification
InstitutionalCustomCustomKYB + dedicated agreement

Accreditation Requirements

Asset CategoryaccreditationTypeBuyer Must BeVerification
Public stocksnullAny investorNone
Fixed incomenullAny investorNone
CommoditiesnullAny investorNone
ForexnullAny investorNone
CryptonullAny investorNone
Private (Reg D 506c)506cVerified accreditedThird-party (Jumio/Onfido)
Private (Reg D 506b)506bSelf-certified accreditedSelf-certification
Pre-IPO506c or 506bAccredited (per asset)Per offering type
Reg CFregcfAny (with investment limits)Income verification via Plaid
Reg SregsNon-US investorsGeofencing + attestation
Reg A+nullAny investorNone (issuer-level $75M cap)
Retail privatenullAny investorNone

Accreditation Flow

  1. User initiates KYC through the compliance provider
  2. For 506b: user self-certifies accredited status
  3. For 506c: third-party income/asset verification via Jumio or Onfido
  4. accreditationStatus is set to completed on success
  5. Every order passes through the CEX pre-trade compliance check
  6. If the check fails, the order is rejected before reaching the matching engine

Restricted Resale

When selling securities subject to a 12-month hold:

  • Lots are tracked FIFO with restriction_end_date
  • If the lot is still restricted, the sell order is flagged as isRestrictedOrder=true
  • Restricted sell orders require the buyer to be an accredited investor (exemption under Reg D/CF)
  • Unrestricted lots can be sold to any investor

On this page